Ko te whakawhānau: te whakawhānau, te waikura, me ētahi atu āhuatanga e pā ana ki te whānau me te hauora o ngā wāhine
He wāhanga pāpori waiwai te whānau i roto i te pāpori Māori i mua i te tāmitanga – ko ōna wāhanga ko ngā whakatupuranga huhua e noho ana i roto i te horopaki o te hapū. I herea te haere tonutanga o te whānau ki te whare tangata, ā, nā reira he waiwai ngā tikanga e hāngai ana ki ngā āhuatanga matua o te hauora o te wāhine – te hapūtanga me te whakawhānau, te rerenga ikura me te pūhuruhurutanga i te pāpori Māori i mua i te tāmitanga. Ka kī ngā kaikōrero i whakapakari ēnei tikanga i te hiranga o ngā wāhine Māori i roto i te pāpori Māori i mua i te tāmitanga.
Pānuitia ngā kōrero a ngā kaikōrero mō:
Half-castes of Pomare's pa (Bay of Islands) by Richard Aldworth Oliver (1852) (pictured in document A121(b)). According to Oliver's accompanying text, the scene is at Kororareka (modern Russell) in 1851, during the feast (hākari) put on by Tamati Waka Nene. 'The man on the right with the musket is Neddy, who fought against us under Heki (Hone Heke) at Ruapekapeka. The girl next to him is Maria ... the woman with the baby is said to be the daughter of the Chevalier Dillon; and on the left is Jane, who was famous for her personal attractions ...The old lady kneeling on the right is "Na Nuia" Pomare's wife, who placed herself in that becoming attitude to avoid having her portrait taken.' 'Jane, who was famous for her personal attractions' may be Jane Gray, daughter of Alexander Gray and Kotero Hinerangi.’
Ngā kaiwhakaatu matua i tuku i te taunakitanga
I tāpae a Dr Ngahuia Murphy (tuhinga A67) i ngā taunakitanga hōhonu mō ngā tikanga e hāngai ana ki te whare tangata, tae atu ki te whakawhānau me te rerenga ikura. I miramira ia i te mana me te tūnga o ngā wāhine nā tō rātou tūnga whakaputa uri, ā, i āta kōrero i ngā 'ritenga whare tangata' i poipoi me te hangarite i ngā hononga i waenga i ngā whakatupuranga, tae atu ki te whakawhānau tōtika ki te whenua, te tanu i te whenua me te iho ki ngā whenua ā-iwi, me te whakahokinga o te toto rerenga ikura – i tautuhia e Murphy hei te toto whakanoa, whakahou hoki o te kōpū – ki te whenua. I āta kōrero hoki ia mō ngā tikanga whakanui huhua mō ngā kōtiro e uru ana ki te pūhuruhurutanga (ko ētahi e taumanutia ana ināianei hei hāpaiora wetetāmi), e kī ana he whakaaturanga tēnei o ngā whānau me ngā hapū e whāki ana i te mana o ngā wāhine.
Dr Ngahuia Murphy
I tuku a Heeni Hoterene (tuhinga A75) i te taunakitanga mō ngā tūpuna whāea, wāhine, me te māramataka i Te Tai Tokerau. I miramira ia, nā tō rātou āheinga ki te tuku ora, he waiwai ngā wāhine ki te toitūtanga me te oranga o ngā whānau, ngā hapū, me ngā iwi.
Heeni Hoterene giving evidence at Terenga Parāoa Marae, Whangārei, July 2021
E huritao ana a Violet Walker (tuhinga A66) ki ngā tūnga me ngā haepapa hira o ngā wāhine Māori i roto i ngā whānau i mua i te tāmitanga, tae atu ki te āta kōrero mō ngā tikanga huhua e hāngai ana ki te hapūtanga me te whakawhānau pēpi.
Violet Walker giving evidence at Terenga Parāoa Marae, Whangārei, July 2021
Ka tuari a Robyn York (tuhinga A65) i ngā mātauranga mō te whakawhānau i tukuna ihotia mai i ōna kuia koroua – tae atu ki ngā tikanga me ngā karakia whakamahu.
Robyn York giving evidence at Terenga Parāoa Marae, Whangārei, July 2021
Ka tuku taunakitanga a Raiha Ruwhiu (tuhinga A93) me ngā kōrero i heke mai i ōna tūpuna nō Ngāi Tamahaua hei tūāpapa mō te whare tangata, tae atu ki te wā i mua i te whānautanga, te whakawhānau, me ngā tikanga i muri i te whānautanga; ngā wāhi mō te tanumanga o te pito me ngā whenua; me te rerenga ikura. I whakamārama ia ka noho haepapa te whānau kia tiaki i te wahine hapū, ā, e whakaarohia ana he ritenga tapu te whakawhānau i whai wāhi ai ngā kaiāwhina tāne, wahine hoki. Ka tiaki hoki te whānau i te whaea i muri i te whānautanga mai, mā ngā tūkawe pērā i te mirimiri. Ka whakahokia te whenua me te pito ki te whenua. Ko ngā wāhi i tanumia ai te whenua me te pito i huri hei wāhi tapu.
From right: Raiha Ruwhiu, Genevieve Ruwhiu-Pupuke, Kayreen Tapuke, and Tracy Hillier. Pictured at Te Mānuka Tūtahi Marae, Whakatāne, July 2022
Ka tuku a Dr Hiria Hape (tuhinga A114) i te taunakitanga me ngā kōrero tuku iho o Tūhoe hei tūāpapa, mō ngā tikanga e hāngai ana ki te whakawhānau me te rerenga ikura, e kōrero ana mō ngā āmiki o ngā herenga i runga i ngā wāhine me te rerenga ikura nā runga anō i te tapu o taua wā – tae atu ki te kore e haere ki te pōwhiri, te urupā, te mahi rānei ki te māra kai.
Dr Hiria Hape giving evidence at Waiwhetū Marae, Lower Hutt, August 2022
Ka tuari a Hera Black-Te Rangi and Mareta Taute (tuhinga A116) i te tohutohu whakatūpato i tuaritia e tana kuia e hāngai ana ki te tapu o ngā wāhine i te whakawhānau me te rerenga ikura.
Mareta Taute and Hera Black giving evidence at Waiwhetū Marae, Lower Hutt, August 2022