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Ko ngā rangatira wāhine Māori

I roto i ngā kōrero tuku iho ā-iwi, ā-hapū hoki puta noa i te motu i whakaatuhia i roto i te taunakitanga, tērā ētahi kōrero, ētahi tauira hoki o ngā wāhine hira i whakamahi i te mana i te pāpori Māori o mua – ka kōrerotia ngā āmiki o ētahi i raro iho. Kāhore i pau te katoa o ngā kōrero i roto i te taunakitanga i rangona e mātou, te huhua rānei o ngā wāhine whakahirahira i roto i te whakapapa puta noa i te motu, i tēnei rārangi. Heoi anō, e whakarato ana i te paku tirohanga ki te tukunga ihotanga o te mana wāhine i roto i te whakapapa o ngā kaikōrero i tāpae.

Ngā kōrero mō ngā tīpuna wāhine: Ngā kōrero a ngā kaiwhakaatu


Hine-ā-maru

Ko Hine-ā-maru te tupuna i heke mai ai te ingoa o Ngāti Hine. E aro ana ki ngā waiata, ngā pepeha, ngā whakatauāki me ngā pūrākau o Ngāti Hine, i whakamārama a Moe Milne (tuhinga A62) he rangatira whai mana ā-wairua a Hine-ā-maru. Ka ārahi ia i ana tāngata i runga i te heke i te pā o Waimamaku ki Waiōmio i muri i te whakapakotanga o tana matua, o Torongare i te wā i whawhai rāua ko tana wahine, a Hauhaua. He maha ngā wāhi ā-hītori me ngā ingoa wāhi hira e honoa ana ki tēnei heke. Ka kī a Milne kua whai ngā wāhine of Ngāti Hine i ngā pūkenga o Hine-ā-Maru – he ‘koi, tōtika, tere ki te whakatau hoki', ā, 'he kaha ngā whakaaro', ā, he rautaki, he matapae hoki ina whakaaro ana. Kei te iho o ngā mārama whaiaro me te ao ā-hapori o Ngāti Hine a Hine-ā-maru, nā runga anō i te whānui ka kī a Moe Milne 'I ngā marae maha o roto o Ngāti Hine ka tāpuihia te tūru wātea i ngā whakahaerenga ōkawa mō Hine-ā-maru hei ara kia whakaatu tonu i tō rātou whakahōnore, whakaute hoki ki a ia. He tūru kei roto i taku whare kua whakanikonikohia mō Hine-ā-maru ake. Ka tono au ki a ia kia uru ki taku whare hei kaitiaki mō tō tātou whānau'.

Moe Milne pictured with Hirini Henare (left) and a mokopuna

Carving of Hine-ā-maru at Terenga Parāoa Marae, Whangārei


Maikuku

He tupuna wahine a Maikuku i Te Tai Tokerau e heke mai ai ngā hapū katoa o te Pēwhairangi. Ka kī a Heeni Hoterene (tuhinga A75) he uri a Maikuku nō Rāhiri, he rangatira nō Ngāpuhi, me te tamāhine a Uenuku-kūare rāua ko Kareariki. He puhi a Maikuku, ā, 'ka kīia he tino nui tana mana, ā, nā reira, i whakanōhia ia i roto i tētahi ana e tata ana ki Waitangi e ana tāngata'. Ka kī a Hoterene 'I moe a Maikuku i a Hua, ā, ka whānau mai he tamaiti, e kīia nei ko Te Rā, ka puta hei tupuna nui o Ngāpuhi me Ngāti Rāhiri. E whakarato ana ngā tamariki a Maikuku rāua ko Hua i ngā tātai whakapapa ki ngā hapū matua katoa mai i Hokianga ki Pēwhairangi, whakawhiti ki Whāngārei, ā, tae atu ki Whangaroa. Kei roto ko Ngāi Tawake, Ngāti Tautahi me Ngāi Takotoke, he kaikerēme rongonui ki Ngāwhā me Te Uriohau.’ Ka kī ia ko te ingoa tuku iho o te takutai ki ngā Whenua Tiriti o Waitangi, ko Te Ana o Maikuku.

Heeni Hoterene at Terenga Parāoa Marae, Whangārei


Kuramārotini

Ko Kuramārotini te tangata tuatahi kia kite, kia tapa hoki i a Aotearoa, e ai ki a Katarina Jean Te Huia (tuhinga A115). Ka kī a Te Huia ko Kuramārotini te tamāhine a Toto, he rangatira nō Hawaiki. Ka tuku a Toto i te waka, e kīia nei ko Matahourura, ki a Kuramārotini. Ka haere rāua ko tana hoa ko Kupe mā runga i taua waka (tuhinga A115, p 2).

Māhinaarangi

He tupuna hira a Māhinaarangi ki ngā iwi maha, tae atu ki a Ngāti Raukawa. Ka āwhina a Naomi Simmonds (tuhinga A134) kia ārahi i te kaupapa rangahau me te hīkoi 23-rā, 380 km te roa, a ngā wāhine o Ngāti Raukawa tokowhitu i whai anō i te haerenga o Māhinaarangi kia ‘mārama ki tana kōrero, tana mana, waihoki … ngā panoni i puta mai i waenga i tana haerenga me tō tātou’. He uri o Porourangi, o Rongomaiwahine, o Ngāti Kahungunu anō hoki a Māhinaarangi, ā, ko ia te whaea o ngā tamāhine tokorua, o Rangitairi rāua ko Hinewaituhi, me te whaea o tētahi tama, o Raukawa. E ai ki a Simmonds, 'tana haerenga me tana kōrero mō te hapūtanga me te whānautanga he tauira kaha o te hononga i waenga i te whakapapa, te whenua, me te wāhine'. Kei a Māhinaarangi te 'āheitanga me te mana motuhake' me te mātau tōrangapū, e ai ki a ia, i whakaatuhia i te wā i whakakotahi ia i a Waikato me Kahungunu i tana mārena ki a Tūrongo (tuhinga A134, p 5).

Naomi Simmonds giving evidence about Māhinaarangi


Naomi Simmonds (left) with rōpū who retraced Māhinaarangi's journey


Muriwai rāua ko Wairaka 

I haere a Muriwai rāua ko Wairaka ki Aotearoa mā runga i te waka o Mātaatua. Ko Toroa te kāpene. Ko Muriwai te tuahine o Toroa, ā, ko Wairaka tana tamāhine. I te tereterenga noa o te waka, ka whakatika a Muriwai, a Wairaka rānei – he rerekē ngā kōrero tuku iho – i te waka, e kī ana 'kia whakatāne ake au i ahau'. He rangatira hira te tokorua nei i roto i te whakapapa o ngā kaikōrero maha i hoatu i te taunakitanga i roto i tēnei ruku tātari tae atu ki a rātou e whakapapa ana ki a Ngāti Ira (tuhinga A100), Te Whakatōhea (tuhinga A93, tuhinga A92, tuhinga A39, tuhinga A33 me tuhinga A39(a)), Ngāi Tamahaua (tuhinga A102, tuhinga A94, tuhinga A93, tuhinga A92), Ngāti Awa (tuhinga A98), Te Whānau a Apanui (tuhinga A99, tuhinga A96). Ka miramira a Tina Ngata  ko te pūtake o ngā whanaungatanga i waenga i a Ngāti Porou me Te Whānau a Apanui me Whakatōhea i te hekenga ngātahi mai i te tipuna wāhine me te mana o Muriwai nō te waka o Mātaatua. Ka kī a Tracy Hillier (tuhinga A92)

Ko Muriwai te tipuna e here ana i a tātou hei Whakatōhea, ā, nā te whakapapa o Muriwai i whakakotahi ai i ngā tātai katoa o Te Whakatōhea. I tūhono tana mārena i ngā waka e rua o Mātaatua me Nukutere. Ka whāki me te tautīnei i tō mātou tūhononga ki tō mātou tipuna, ki a Muriwai, e tautuhi ai mātou hei 'wahine tapu, he ariki, he tapairu o Ngāi Tamahaua'  (Tracy Hillier, tuhinga A92, p 8).

Ka kī a Materoa Dodd (tuhinga A98, pp 8-9) i whakaaturia te mana o Muriwai rāua ko Wairaka e tō rāua

mana kia tapa whenua; kia pānui i te rāhui; kia whakamana i ngā rohenga; kia whakatakoto, kia hiki, kia takahi hoki i te tapu (arā, kia whakahaumaru i te waka); kia whiwhi whare tapu; te ana o Muriwai, nā te mea i a ia te mana o te matakite, he mea tapu; kia pupuri i te takiwā whenua me te Marae (Wairaka) i whakanōhia ki tō mana, ā, i tapaina mōu ake, kia whakanōhia te whare wānanga (Tūpāpakurau) i roto o Wairaka, kia whakatōngia e koe te kūmara tuatahi i Aotearoa me māra i whakaingoatia ko Mātirerau i roto o Wairaka.

Ka tohu ngā kaikōrero i ngā wāhi me ngā tohu whenua i whakaingoatia mō Muriwai he wāhanga o tōna hiranga me tana mana mauroa ki nāianei. Kei roto i ēnei ko te whare tupuna at Ōpape, Te Wai Mimiha a Muriwai (Takutai o Muriwai), Hiruharama Marae (ko te poutokomanawa a Muriwai), Tuapiro Marae (ka whakaingoatia te wharekai ko Muriwai, ā, ka kīia te whare tupuna ko Ngā Kuri a Whārei) (Genevieve Ruwhiu-Pupuke, tuhinga A102; Raiha Ruwhiu, tuhinga A93; Robyn Hata-Gage, tuhinga A33). Ko Ōwairaka tētahi wāhi i tāpaina mō Wairaka.

Ko te pūtake o te ingoa 'Whakatāne' ko ngā kupu i kōrerotia e Muriwai, e Wairaka rānei ‘kia whakatāne ake au i ahau’ (Whirimako Black, tuhinga A84; Robyn Hata-Gage, tuhinga A33; Sharon Cambell and Dr Mania Campbell-Seymour, tuhinga A39, tuhinga A39(a); Te Kahautu Maxwell, tuhinga A46). Ka kī a  Anna Kurei (tuhinga A100, p 5) i 'whakarite ngā mahi a Muriwai i te mahi tōmua o te whakamana i ngā whakatipuranga e whai ake ana o ana uri wāhine kia mahi i ngā mahi tāne me te māia me te kaha ina hiahiatia ana'. Waihoki, i whai whakaaro a Materoa Dodd ki te whakaaweawe haere tonu o Muriwai rāua ko Wairaka i tana kī

ko Wairaka rāua ko Muriwai he wāhanga o ō mātou hā, ko rāua te āhuatanga wāhine o ngā atua, e whakaatahia ana ā rāua mahi i roto i a mātou, ka auaha rāua ko wai mātou, e ārahi ai ō rāua matatau me te ‘matakite’ i te anamata pai ake mō ngā whakatipuranga e heke mai nei. (Materoa Dodd, tuhinga A98, p 17)

I roto i ngā kupu a tētahi atu kaikōrero, a Waitangi Black, ko Muriwai rāua ko Wairaka ‘te tihi o ā mātou [Ngāti Awa] matapaki Mana Wahine’ (Waitangi Black, tuhinga A101, p 6).

Mō ētahi atu kōrero mō Muriwai rāua ko Wairaka, tirohia:

Mural of Muriwai wearing a mataora, painted by Graeme Hōtere (right)


Amo on Wairaka Wharenui, with Urukakengarangi Lawson and Albert Percy (photographer) circa 1920s (pictured in document A98(b))


Muriwai tipuna whare (pictured in document A39(b))

Sharon Campbell and Dr Mania Campbell-Seymour, outside Te Ana o Muriwai ki Whakatāne


Waitohi

Ko Waitohi tētahi 'kairautaki tauā wāhine' i whai wāhi ki ngā tautohetohe i waenga i a Ngāti Toa me ngā iwi o Waikato i te tīmatanga o ngā 1800. E ai ki a Elaine Bevan rātou ko Heeni Wilson ko Nganeko Wilson (tuhinga A119), ko ia te tuahine o Te Rauparaha, me te tamāhine a tētahi rangatira o Ngāti Toa, a Werawera. I whakaata tana mārena ki a Te Rākaherea, he nui ake tana mana, i 'tana hā, tana mana me tana whakapapa'. Ko ia te whaea o Te Rangitopeora me Te Rangihaeata. Ka aukati ia i te huakitanga a Ngāti Maniapoto ki a Ngāti Toa ki te pā o Ōhāua-te-rangi. I ārahi ā-tauā ia me tana tungāne, me Te Rauparaha, e karanga ana ki a Ngāti Raukawa kia haere mai ki te Upoko o te Ika kia noho whita ai ngā raupatu o Te Rauparaha.I hohou hoki ia i te rongo i waenga i a Te Rauparaha rāua ko Te Rangihaeata i te wā e ora ana ia – ā, ka kī ngā kaikōrero ‘i tana matenga, ka puta mai te kaiākiri i muri tata atu i tana tangi, tae atu ki te piki o te wehenga o Rangihaeata rāua ko Te Rauparaha’ (A119, p 3). Ka whakawehe ia i te whenua i whiwhi ai a Ngāti Toa i te ringa kaha me te hoatu ki a Ngāti Raukawa me Taranaki, ā, ka whakatau i ngā taupatupatu mō te whenua i riro i te ringa kaha. E ai ki ngā kaikōrero, i whai wāhi a Waitohi rāua ko tana tamāhine a Rangitopeora ki te roherohe i ngā whenua i riro i a Te Rauparaha i ngā pakanga, tae atu ki te tautuhi i ngā takiwā rohenga mō Ngāti Raukawa me Te Ātiawa.

Heeni Wilson and whānau group at Waiwhetū Marae, Lower Hutt. Images of Te Rangitopeora at front.


Te Rangitopeora

He rangatira nō Ngāti Toa, nō Ngāti Raukawa hoki a Te Rangitopeora. Ko ia te tamāhine a Waitohi rāua ko Rākaherea, te tamāhine a Rangihaeata, te irāmutu a Te Rauparaha, me te whaea o Mātene Te Whiwhi. I waitohu ia i te Tiriti hei māngai mō Ngāti Toa me Ngāti Raukawa. Ka kī a Elaine Bevan rātou ko Heeni Heeni Wilson ko Nganeko Wilson (tuhinga A119) i tū a Te Rangitopeora ki te kōrero i runga i te marae, nā te mea 'i taua wā kāhore he tikanga totoka mā wai e kōrero, e whakawhirinaki ana ki te mana o te tangata, te paparanga o te wahine'. Kāhore i iti iho i te whā ana mārena – he mea whakaatu, e ai ki ngā kaikōrero, te mana whakahaere o ngā wāhine rangatira i roto i te pāpori Māori tuku iho. I roto i tana kōrero taunaki, ka tuari a Tania Rangiheuea (tuhinga A22) i te kōrero a Te Rangitopeora mā te kōrero waihanga kiritūnei. Ka tautuhi a Rangiheauea i a ia hei 'kaihautū o ana tāngata i te tīmatanga o te wā tāmitanga tae atu ki te waitohutanga o te Tiriti, ā, tae noa ki tana matenga i waenga i te tau 1865 me 1873' i 'whakatauira i ngā whakamāramatanga katoa o te kupu "mana wāhine"'.


Turikātuku

Ko Turikātuku te wahine matua me te kairautaki matua o Hongi Hika. Ka kī a Ahorangi Angela Wanhalla, 'nōna ake te mana o Turikātuku, ā, he tūnga rautaki, hautūtanga hoki āna i runga i tana taua i ngā 1820’ tuhinga A82, p 4). Ka tautoko hoki a Jessica Williams (tuhinga A61), rātou ko Keti Marsh-Solomon (tuhinga A29), ko Ripeka Evans (tuhinga A21) i tēnei kōrero mō Turikātuku.


Hariata Rongo

Ko Hariata Rongo te wahine a Hone Heke, ā, i muri iho, a Arama Karaka Pi. Ka tautuhi a Keti Marsh-Solomon (doc A29) i a Hariata Rongo hei wahine ‘mana nui’ me te ‘whakapapa me te hirikapo kaha’.


Te Pūea Herangi

I te ora a Te Puea Hērangi mai i te tau 1883 ki te 1952, ā, koia te mokopuna tuarua a Kīngi Tāwhiao. Ka whakaaweawe ia i te Kīngitanga me te whakatūnga o te Marae o Tūrangawaewae. I tātari a  Mamae Takerei (tuhinga A32), he uri o Te Puea Hērangi e noho ana ki te Marae o Tūrangawaewae, i ētahi titonga a Te Puea Hērangi, i whakaatu ko ia tētahi rangatira me te 'aronga matakite' i tuku i te 'tūmanako ki ana tāngata'. He uri hoki a Sharryn Te Atawhai Barton (tuhinga A49) nō Te Puea Herangi, ā, ka kī ia 'Ko Te Puea te iho o te mana wāhine tuku iho', ā, 'ka mahi hei rangatira, hei aha te ira. I whakautea ia e ētahi atu rangatira, ā, i waihanga i ngā haumi, rangatira ki te rangatira' (tuhinga A49, p 5).

 

Mana Wāhine inquiry panel pictured with Te Puea Herangi memorial at Tūrangawaewae Marae, Ngāruawāhia


Wharekiri

Ko Wharekiri tētahi wahine nō Ngāti Rangatahi i whānau mai i 1828 ki Kawhia, e ai ki tana uri, ki a Mereti Taipana (tuhinga A130). Ahakoa e ora ana a Wharekiri i "te wā kaumingomingo o te akaaka, o te taumaha hārukiruki hoki', e ai ki a Taipana i whakaatu tana kōrero tauoranga kāhore i te tino rerekē te mana o ngā wāhine ki ō ngā tāne. I whai wāhi a Wharekiri ki ngā heke huhua a Ngāti Rangatahi heke, tae atu ki te Hekenga mai i raro, te heke a Ngāti Raukawa i Ōhura ki Ōtaki. I noho ia ki Porirua, ki te Motu o Kapiti, ā, ki Heretaunga i Te Awakairangi. I te tau 1836, i whānau mai tana tamāhine, a Mihi Ki Tūrangi, ko Hemi Kuti te matua. He kaihopu tohorā a Hemi Kuti i noho i te taha o Ngāti Toa ki te Motu o Kapiti. I te tau 1846, i te wā i 'atiatia a Ngāti Rangatahi i te Awakairangi [e te Karauna], i roto a Wharekiri i tētahi heke ki te takiwā o Rangitīkei, nāwai rā i whakatū rātou i te kāinga hou (Miria te Kakara), ki te tonga o te awa iti o Rangataua. I whakaatu tēnei heke pāmamamae i tana 'kaha, pūtohe, rangatiratanga anō hoki'. Ka tuku taunakitanga hoki a Taipana mō te ao o te tamāhine a Wharekiri, a Mihi Ki Tūrangi (tuhinga A130).

Mereti Taipana giving evidence virtually


Ruataupare

He tupuna wahine hira a Ruataupare mō Ngāti Porou. Ahakoa ehara ia i te mātāmua o tana whānau, 'nāwai rā, ka kauanuanutia a Ruataupare 'hei tētahi o ngā kaipupuri o te mana nui rawa atu o roto o Ngāti Porou', e ai ki a  Tina Ngata (tuhinga A88). Ka kī a Ngata, ahakoa ka tārai ngā whakamataaratanga o tana tāne, o Tūwhakairiora i te horanuku tōrangapū me ngā puritanga whenua o Ngāti Porou, 'kua roa e mōhiotia ana nō Ruataupare te mana whenua o tēnei hononga kaha'. Ka tautuhi hoki a Donna Awatere Huata (tuhinga A20) i te hononga o Ruataupare ki a Tūwhakairiora, me te kī 'he iti iho te mana o tana whakapapa' i tō tana wahine. Ka nui ake ana mahinga tauā, 'ka whakaingoatia tētahi Hapū mōna – Te Whanau o Tuwhakairiora’. Ka kī a Awatere-Huata ‘nā te riri o Ruataupare i te whakatuanuitia tana Hapū, Te Whānau o Ruataupare i wehe ia i a Tūwhakairioa (ki Te Araroa) ā, i whakatū i tētahi marae ki Tūpāroa, Te Rangi Weherua (e tohu ana i te rā i wehea rāua) me tana wharenui, Tangihaere (nā te mea e kore e oti tana tangi) … Ka wehe, ā, ka haere ki Te Whanga o Tokomaru i reira tō mai ai i ētahi atu Hapū ki Te Whānau o Ruataupare’ (tuhinga A20).


Hinetapora

He Ariki a Hinetapora i heke mai i te mārena tuarua o Tūwhakairiora ki te teina o Ruataupare, e ai ki a  Donna Awatere Huata (tuhinga A20). Pērā ia Ruataupare, 'ka moe hoki ia i tētahi tangata he iti iho te mana o te whakapapa, Te Rangikapotua, te uri o tētahi atu rangatira nui, te pūtake o te iwi o Uepōhatu, a Uepohatu. I tino arohaina a Hinetapora e tana iwi. I te wā e haere mai ana a Tamahae ki te whakamōtī i tana whānau, ka tono atu ia i tana iwi kia huna, ā, ka tatari ki a ia. Ka tapahia tana upoko me te kī: He kotahi ia, he mano kei raro”. “Ka nui tenei. He kotahi ia, he mano kei raro”(tuhinga A20, p 10).

Donna Awatere-Huata giving evidence at Turner Centre, Kerikeri


Maraea Te Kuri o te Wao Paehangi / Maraea Cassidy (Katete)

I whānau mai a Maraea Te Kuri o te Wao Paehangi / Maraea Cassidy (Katete) i te tau 1814 ,ā, ko ia te tamāhine a Moka Paehangi rāua ko Kohinewai. E ai ki a Ipu Tito-Absolum (tuhinga A70), 'he tūnga rangatira' o roto o Ngāpuhi tō ngā mātua o Maraea Te Kuri o te Wao Paehangi. He kaiwaitohu tana matua, a Moka Paehangi, o He Whakaputanga i Te Whakaputanga o te Rangatiratanga, Ngā Whakapuakitanga o Hobson, me te Tiriti o Waitangi. Ko Maraea tētahi o ana tāmahine tokorua, ā, 'ā tōna wā ko ia tētahi o ngā wāhine tino rangatira o Hokianga, ā, i haere tahi me tana matua ki Ahitereiria i ngā haerenga hoko pū okaoka'. E ai ki a Absolum, i tana kitenga i te mauhere tekau mā rima tau, a Thomas Cassidy, 'ka tono a Maraea ki tana matua ki hokona ia māna'. I haria a Cassidy ki Hokianga, ā, ka mārena rāua ina tekau mā iwa tana pakeke. Ki te pērā, ka 'kīia ko ia te wahine Māori tuatahi i iriiria hei Katorika'. Tokowhā ngā tamāhine, tokotoru ngā tama a te tokorua nei. Ka kī a Absolum 'I aua rā, i te mutunga o ngā 1700, i te tīmatanga hoki o ngā 1800, he nui te uara o ngā haumitanga ki te Pākehā mō ngā painga hokohoko, ā, i ētahi wā ka whakatenatena ngā rangatira i ā rātou tamāhine ki ngā hononga o taua āhuatanga ... engari ki a mātou, i kōwhiri a Maraea i tōna ake ara'. I pōhēhē tana hapū, Te Mahurehure ko Thomas Cassidy hei kaihokohoko mā rātou, engari ‘i whati tērā hononga i tana haurangi me te pūremu me tētahi pouaru i Rāwene. Ko te mea kino rawa i turatura i tana tamāhine mātāmua, i a Mere ... e ai ki a Maraea, ka tatari a Maraea ki te pā tūwatawata o tana matua i reira e tū ana tō rāua whare koroniara, ā, ka kōhuru i a ia. Ka tanumia ia e rātou ko ana tamāhine ki tā rātou pākaiahi tuwhera me te tunu i ā rātou kai i runga i te ahi'. Ka tautuhi hoki a Absolum i ngā ao o ngā tamariki a Maraea. He tupuna hira hoki rātou i roto i tana whakapapa.

Maraea Cassidy (pictured in document A70(c))


Ruaputahanga

He puhi, he rangatira hoki a Ruapūtahanga nā tana taumau ki a Tūrongo, ā, i muri iho tana mārena ki a Whatihua (tana teina) i whakakotahi i ngā tātai rangatira o Aotea me Tainui, e ai ki a  Ripeka Hudson (tuhinga A128). Tērā ngā mārena a Ruapūtahanga, ā, i tapaina ai ētahi wāhi i roto i te rohe o Taranaki mōna. Ka kī a Hudson ko Ruapūtahanga 'hei whakaaturanga, hei tauira hoki e pupuri ai ngā wāhine i ō rātou mana' nā te mea he 'rangatira mātanga, māia, toa, i whakautea, ā, kei roto i ngā kōrero mōna ngā tauira maha tae atu ki te āheinga o te wahine ki te whakatau take me te mahi mō tō rātou ao, ā, ka noho tonu me te kore tuku ina hāpai me te whakahaumaru i tana uara'.

Ripeka Hudson giving evidence at Waiwhetū Marae, Lower Hutt


Whakaotirangi

He tupuna hira a Whakaotirangi mō ngā iwi me ngā hapū maha, tae atu ki ngā uri o te waka o Te Arawa me te waka o Tainui  (tirohia: Melaina Huaki, tuhinga A89, pp 2-3). He rōpū o ngā uri o Ngāti Raukawa e tāpae ana ki te Taraipiunara mō Whakaotirangi. Ka kī a Heeni Collins (tuhinga A108) i roto i ngā kōrero ā-waha tōmua mō te whakanōhanga o Aotearoa a ngāi Māori, ka kī i haere mai a Whakaotirangi i Hawaiki ki Aotearoa me tana tāne, Hoturoa, tana wahine kē, a Marama, tana tama Poututeka me ana wāhine tokorua me ana karanga tahi tokotoru. I muri i te wehenga, 'nāna te mahi kia whiwhi te mauri mō te waka o Tainui' e tohu ana he tohunga ia. Ka kīia hoki i a Whakaotirangi te mahi nui o te kawe mai i ngā purapura kūmara 'hei whāngai i ana tāngata i te whenua hou' i roto i tana kete – ‘te kete rukuruku a Whakaotirangi’. I roto i te kōrero a Collins, ka kawea te tuakana-teina māhanga o Whakaotirangi, a Whakaotinuku, i te kūmara ki Aotearoa mā runga i te waka o Te Arawa. Ka poipoi hoki a Whakaotirangi i te mauri o te kūmara i te taenga mai ki Aotearoa, e whakatū ana i te māra ki Pākarikari e tata ana ki te whanga o Aotea ki te raki o te Roto o Parangi, ā, ki te rāwhiti o te pā o Pukeatua. Ka tapaina tēnei māra ko Hawaiki, ā, ka kī a Collins ka kitea tonutia ngā tipu taro e tipu ana i reira ināianei. Ka hoatu a Collins i ngā tauira o te mana o te karakia o Whakaotirangi, i kōkiri i te waka o Tainui i te wā i mau ki Ōtāhuhu. He maha ngā tātai i ahu mai i Whakaotirangi, ā, he hira tana whakahangahanga mō te maungārongo i waenga i te waka o Tainui me te waka o Te Arawa.


Rākeitākiha

Ko Rākeitākiha tētahi tupuna nō Taranaki i tino whakamiha mō tana whakatipu harakeke. E mauhangatia ana tēnei kōrero i roto i te Taranaki Iwi Deed of Settlement (2015), e ai ki a Aroaro Tamati (tuhinga A131) e whakaata ana i ngā 'whakaarotau ā-pāpori' o Taranaki ('te whakaputanga o te harakeke, e whakatauritea ai ki te kotahitanga o te tangata') tae atu ki te iho o te mana wāhine (tuhinga A131, p 3).


Rauhoto Tapairu

Ko Rauhoto Tapairu tētahi tupuna wahine, ā, ko ia te 'ārahi me te kaitiaki i whakatere i a Rua Taranaki ki te wāhi e tū nei ia ināianei, i te takutai o Taranaki', e ai ki a Aroaro Tamati (tuhinga A131). Waihoki, ka kī a Dennis Ngawhare 'e ai ki te mātauranga ā-Taranaki, i roto i ngā kōrero tautake tauoranga tōmua o ēnei motu i te wā i hīkoi ngā maunga ora i te whenua, ka haere a Taranaki ki te iho o Te Ikaroa a Māui ki Te Tai Hauauru, i arahina e te kōhatu Rauhoto. Engari, ka maumahara te tātai whakapapa o ngā tūpuna tangata i puritia e ngā iwi he wahine tangata e kīia nei ko Rauhoto, ā, ko tana tāne ko Rua Taranaki. Ka noho rātou i te wā tuatahi o te noho o te tangata ki Aotearoa, ā, koinei ngā tūpuna taketake o te iwi o Taranaki. E whakaae ana ngā kōrero katoa e toe ana nā Rauhoto Tapairu a Taranaki i ārahi, ahakoa maunga mai, tāne mai, ki te takiwā' (tuhinga A117, p 3). E ai ki a Tamati, e whakaata ana taua kōrero mō Rauhoto Tapairu i te 'mana me te tūnga ōna i tino uaratia' tae atu ki 'te āhuatanga matua o te tūnga wahine i ngā wā i mua i te tāmitanga' ki te huawaere i te manaaki, te tiaki, me te haumarutanga. Ka whakamārama a Tamati e tū ana ‘Te Toka a Rauhoto Tapairu ki te Pā o Pūniho Pā, e 27 manomita ki te tonga o  Ngāmotu. He mātāpuna haere tonu o te tuakiri, te hononga, o te ihi, te wehi, te wana me te mana – o te wahine’ (tuhinga A131, pp 3-4).


Hinewhare

Ko Hinewhare te tamāhine pōtiki o Hongi Hika, ā, i te ora i waenga i te 1817 me te 1890. He puhi ia, ā, e ai ki a Louisa Collier (tuhinga A26(b)), he tauira o ngā kounga me te amaru o tētahi wahine nō ngā tūnga teitei, ā, i whakautea rawatia. I te tuatahi, ko te ingoa o Hinewhare ko Ruiha, engari ka tekau mā toru tana pakeke, ka kāhakina me te mauhere i runga i te kaipuke o Kāpene Brind. Ina pātaihia ana he aha i eke ai te tamāhine a Hongi Hika ki runga, ka kī a Captain Brind, ‘nō te “whare hine”, te whare kairau rānei’ ia. Ka whakamārama a Collier, ahakoa he tino whakaparahako tēnei ingoa ki te mana o te tamāhine a Hongi Hika, ka pupuri tonutia ia, hei tohu o te tāmitanga o ana tāngata’ (tuhinga A131, pp 3-4). I muri iho, ka mahi a Hinewhare hei kaimahi mārama i whairawa nui ai tana hapū. Ka mārena ia i a George Wells, he kāpene kaipuke nō Amerika, ā, 10 ā rāua tamariki.

Hinewhare (left) and Hongi Hika (right) (pictured in document A26(c))


Kaiwhare

He puhi a Kaiwhare me 'te pūtake o te hapū o Kaiwhare, e mōhiotia tonutia ana ināianei', e ai ki a  Louisa Collier (tuhinga A26(b)). Ka kī a Collier ko Kaiwhare te wahine tuatahi o te tātai puhi kia whiwhi ki te whakahaumaru o Ngāpuhi. Kei roto i ana uri ko Hinewhare rātou ko Hariata Rongo, ko Turikātuku.


Rangipāroro

Ka kōrero a Keita Hudson (tuhinga A97) ki te Taraipiunara mō tana tupuna, mō Rangipāroro, nō te Pā o Onekawa, i runga ake o Ōhiwa, ā, he pēhea ia i whakahaumaru ai i tana tama a Kahuki kātahi anō ka whānau mai. Ko te matua o Kahuki ko Rongopopoia, i mate i tētahi rangatira ko Tuāmutu te ingoa. Ka toro mai a Tuāmutu ki a Rangipāroro i muri tata iho i tana whakawhānau, i mōhio ia ka hiahia ia ki te whakamate i a Kahuki ki te mōhio ia he tama tēnei. Heoi anō, nā tana tūnga tapu hei wahine kātahi tonu ka whakawhānau pēpi, kāhore e taea e Tuāmutu te whakatata mai. Ka whakawhirinaki ia ki tēnei, ā, mai tawhiti, ka āhei te whakataruna he kōtirio a Kahuki. Kātahi ka oma atu ia me Kahuki ki Te Kaharoa kia āhei ia te whakatupu i roto i te haumaru, tawhiti atu i Tuāmutu. I tapaina ngā wāhi maha i runga i tana ara mō tana haerenga, ā, e mōhiotia tonutia ana ināianei, tae atu ki te marae o Maromahue.

Rongorongo

Ka kī a Ripeka Hudson (tuhinga A128) i roto i ngā kōrero a Ngāruahinerangi, ka whakairohia te waka o Aotea, ā, ka kohaina ki a Rongorongo e tana matua, he mea tohu i te mana me ngā haepapatanga 'māna e kawe'. Ka kī a Hudson i tōmua te hoatu i te 'mātanga whakatere me te mātauranga pūkenga e pā ana ki te waka, te karakia, me Te Wao Nui o Tangaroa ki a ia' ā, ‘he tino wāhi tō ēnei i roto i te heke me te whakanōhanga’ (tuhinga A128, p 5).


Mania

Dr Kirsten Gabel (doc A153(a)) spoke about Mania, the tipuna from whom Ngāti Tara inherit their tikanga related to mana wāhine. Mania lived in Puketu and was a rangatira and leader of Ngāti Tara, remembered for thwarting an attempt on Puketu from a large ope taua (war party). Giving some aspects of her evidence confidentially, to protect kōrero tuku iho that has never been published in writing, Dr Gabel said that Mania's 'story evidences the positioning of wāhine as rangatira both within our whānau and hapū, the role of wāhine in traversing the spiritual and physical realms as ruahine; the respect accorded to and the sanctity of te whare tangata; and the intertwining of mana wāhine with te taiao' (doc A153(a), p 4).