I whakaputaina te pūrongo hou a te Rōpū Whakamana i Te Tiriti o Waitangi, Kāinga Kore: The Stage One Report of the Housing Policy and Services Kaupapa Inquiry on Māori Homelessness ki te hōputu whakaputanga hukihuki. E tohu ana tēnei i te otinga ki te wāhanga tuatahi o te ruku tātari a Te Taraipiunara ki te kaupapahere wharenoho me ngā ratonga, ā, e kapi ana te wā mai i te tau 2009 ki te tau 2021.
Ko ngā otinga o te Taraipiunara kua takahi te Karauna i ana herenga Tiriti nā runga anō i ētahi āhuatanga. I whakarite te Karauna i te whakamāramatanga o te kāinga kore i te tau 2009 me te akoako ngoikore ki ngāi Māori, ā, i roto i ngā tau e whitu i muri mai ko te tikanga kāore i paku aha ki te urupare i ngā taumata o te kāinga kore mō ngāi Māori e piki ake ana. I waihanga i te rautaki wharenoho Māori engari kāore i whakatinanahia, ā, i whakawhāiti i te āhei ki te rēhita wharenoho pāpori ahakoa te whakawhirinakitanga o ngā Māori ki te wharenoho pāpori. I whakaiti hoki te Karauna i te hautanga o ōna rawa wharenoho tūmatanui, pāpori rānei. Hui katoa, i takahi ēnei mahi i ngā mātāpono Tiriti o te whakahaumaru hohe, te mana taurite, me te kāwanatanga pai. I whakaae te Karauna nāna te Tiriti i takahi i te wāhanga tōmua o te angawā ruku tātari.
Ka kī te pūrongo, i taua wā mai i te tau 2016, i te wā i ākina te Kāwanatanga kia aro atu ki te mōrearea wharenoho, kua mahi te Karauna i te raupapatanga tikanga kia whawhai ki te kāinga kore mō ngāi Māori. Nā te mea i mahia ēnei i mua tata atu (i te wā rānei e haere ana) i te ruku tātari o te Taraipiunara, kāore anō kia taea te pāpātanga me te tautukutanga Tiriti te ine. Heoi anō, tērā ētahi āhuatanga, kua takahi tonu te Karauna i te Tiriti nā te whāiti o tana akoako mō ana rautaki hou, te mūhore haere tonu kia kohikohi i ngā raraunga kāinga kore, te ngoikore o tana ruruku i waenga i ngā tari kāwanatanga, te mūhore haere tonu kia whakahou i te pūnaha toiora kia whakapai ake i ngā putanga mō ngāi Māori, me te kore tautoko i te rangatahi kāinga kore.
E whakaūngia ana e te Taraipiunara he herenga Tiriti tō te Karauna ki whakahaumaru i te rangatiratanga ki ngā kāinga engari, ka kī he iti rawa ngā kāinga tuku iho ināianei nā te tāmitanga me te nohonoho tāone. E ai ki te Taraipiunara, i runga i ngā āhuatanga nei, ko te wā tīmata mō te whakatutukitanga a te Karauna i tana haepapa Tiriti ko te whakarato i te wharenoho tika ki ngā Māori kāinga kore, nā te mea koinā te matea wawe.
Nā te huhua o ngā tāpaetanga ki te kāinga kore, kāore anō te Taraipiunara kia tautuhi i ngā rongoā ki te raruraru i roto i tēnei pūrongo wāhanga tahi. He take tērā mō te pūrongo a te Taraipiunara e whakaputaina ana ā muri atu i te whakatewhatewha a te Ruku Tātari Wharenoho me ngā Ratonga i ngā take whānui e mārama ana ka noho hei tūāpapa o te kāinga kore me ngā raruraru wharenoho mō ngāi Māori whānui tae atu ki te pāpātanga o te tāmitanga, te pūnaha puritanga whenua Māori, me ngā kōkiritanga ā-anga o te rawakore. Engari, ā, ahakoa te tono o ētahi kaikerēme kia whānui atu te tirohanga, ko te arotahi o te pūrongo ki ngā rautaki me ngā kaupapahere o te Karauna kia whakaiti i te kāinga kore mō ngāi Māori mai i te tau 2009. I tohu te Taraipiunara i tēnei korahi whāiti i tana tauākī whakataunga take i whakaputaina i mua i te tīmatanga o ngā nohoanga.
Ahakoa ka whakatārewahia ngā otinga mō ngā take e pā ana ki te wharenoho i runga i te whenua Māori ki te tuawhenua, e kite ana hoki te Taraipiunara i ngā āhuatanga noho o ngā Māori maha kua hoki ki te noho i runga i ō rātou whenua. E ai ki te Taraipiunara me kaua e whakaaetia tēnei āhuatanga i te rautau rua tekau mā tahi i Aotearoa.
Kotahi te tūtohutanga o te Taraipiunara: me mahi tahi te Karauna me ngā kaikerēme kia whakaputa i te whakamāramatanga hou o te kāinga kore e whakauru ana i ngā tirohanga Māori.
Ka tū ngā nohoanga mō tēnei wāhanga whakaarotau o te ruku tātari wharenoho i waenga i te Māehe me te Noema 2021. I whakaae te Taraipiunara kia tīmata te ruku tātari mā te urupare i te take o te kāinga kore mō ngāi Māori nā te mea koinei te tono pākaha o te nuinga o ngā kaikerēme, ā, i tautokona tēnei whakaaro e te Karauna. I rangona e te Taraipiunara ngā kaikerēme i roto i ngā kerēme 79, ā, i tae ā-tinana ngā kaiwhakaatu mō te Karauna i ngā tari kāwanatanga motuhake e rima. I karangahia ngā kaiwhakaatu hangarau e ngā kaikerēme, engari kāore i kirimanatia te rangahau mō tēnei wāhanga o te ruku tātari.
Ka tīmata te Ruku Tātari Kaupapahere Wharenoho me ngā Ratonga ki te wāhanga matua o tōna hōtaka nohoanga i te tau 2024.
Ko ngā mema o te rōpū mō te ruku tātari ko Kaiwhakawā Craig Coxhead (mana whakahaere), Dr Paul Hamer, Prue Kapua, and Basil Morrison.
Kāinga Kore: Te Pūrongo Wāhanga Tuatahi o te Ruku tātari ā-kaupapa mō te Kaupapahere Wharenoho me ngā Ratonga mō te Kāinga Kore mō Ngāi Māori – Putanga hukihuki i mua i te whakaputanga e wātea ana ināianei kia tīkina ake hei kōnae PDF:
Kāinga Kore:Te Pūrongo Wāhanga Tuatahi o te Ruku tātari ā-kaupapa mō te kaupapahere Wharenoho me ngā ratonga mō te Kāinga kore mō ngāi Māori – Putanga hukihuki i mua i te Whakaputanga [PDF, 11Mb](hononga o waho)
Mō ngā pakirehua arapāho, tēnā whakapā atu ki te pokapū arapāho o te Tāhū o te Ture(hononga o waho).
Major issues covered
Kāinga Kore: The Stage One Report of the Housing Policy and Services Kaupapa Inquiry on Māori Homelessness
Wai 2750, the Housing Policy and Services Inquiry
The Waitangi Tribunal’s report into the Crown’s response to contemporary Māori homelessness, Kāinga Kore, examines Crown policies and strategies from 2009 (when the Crown introduced its first comprehensive definition of homelessness) to 2021 (when the Tribunal’s hearings took place).
The Tribunal finds that the Crown breached its Treaty obligations during this period by:
- Its failure to adequately consult with Māori in the development of its homelessness definition in 2009 and to rectify this in the period since. This was a breach of the Crown’s Treaty duty of consultation.
- Its prolonged failure to adequately collect data on homelessness in New Zealand. This breached both the principles of good government and active protection.
- Its failure to provide homeless Māori with housing that meets a range of basic standards in terms of amenities, comfort, and security. This was a breach of the principle of active protection. The Crown also breached the principle of equity through the growing over-representation of Māori with unmet housing need, and it breached the principle of good government by its failure to implement, or monitor the progress of, its Māori housing strategy He Whare Āhuru.
- The narrowness of its consultation over the Homelessness Action Plan and the Māori and Iwi Housing Innovation Framework (MAIHI).
- Its failure, with regard to rangatahi homelessness specifically, to take vigorous action to protect such a vulnerable group. This breached the principle of active protection. It also breached the principle of good government through its failure to obtain adequate data on rangatahi homelessness.
The Tribunal also found that the Crown’s acknowledgement that ongoing ‘fragmentation’ and ‘congestion’ within the housing system was undermining Māori housing ambitions confirmed that it had breached the principle of good government.
Kāinga Kore does not examine (or make findings on) broader housing issues which the Tribunal is yet to hear evidence and submissions on. These will be considered later in the inquiry and include the historical provision of housing to Māori, the longstanding barriers to building on whenua Māori, and the advent of the welfare state in the 1930s and its later abandonment in the neo-liberal political economy of the 1980s and beyond.
The Housing and Policy Services Kaupapa Inquiry (Wai 2750) was formally initiated in July 2019. The following year, the Tribunal confirmed that stage one would address contemporary Māori homelessness in a targeted way. This decision reflected the parties’ wishes and recognised that homelessness was the most acute and urgent housing issue Māori were facing, especially with the advent of the COVID-19 pandemic. Seventy-nine claims were eligible for this initial stage of the inquiry and a further 21 parties were granted interested party status. Five hearings were held between March and November 2021. Witnesses appeared for the Crown from five separate agencies and technical witnesses were called by the claimants, but no research was commissioned for this part of the inquiry.
The panel for the Housing and Policy Services Kaupapa Inquiry comprises Judge Craig Coxhead (presiding), Dr Paul Hamer, Prue Kapua, and Basil Morrison. Hearings for the next stage of the inquiry are due to begin in 2024.