Wāhanga 3: Te waitohutanga o te Tiriti o Waitangi
I whakatau te Kāwanatanga o Piritānia ka pātai a Hobson ki ngā rangatira Māori kia waitohu i te tiriti me Kuini Wikitoria. Ka mahi a Hobson hei rīwhi mā te Kuini nā te mea i Ingarangi ia. Ko te tiriti he whakaaetanga, he kirimana rānei i waenga i ngā tāngata, ngā rōpū, ngā whenua rānei e rua, neke atu rānei. I arohia e Piritānia a Aotearoa hei whenua motuhake nā te mea i whakaaetia e Piritānia te Whakaputanga o te Rangatiratanga i waitohua i ngā tau e rima i mua. Ka mahi tahi a Busby rāua ko Hobson ki te tuhi i tētahi tiriti hukihuki. Nā tētahi mihinare, nā Henry Williams, rāua ko tana tama, ko Edward, i whakamāori.
He rā tino hira te rima o Pēpuere 1840. I tonoa ngā rangatira kia huhui ki te kōrero mō te tiriti me te whakatau mēnā i hiahia rātou ki te waitohu i taua tiriti. I whakatūria he tēneti nui i runga i te otaota i mua i te whare o Busby. Ka tīmata te rōpū takitini kia whakaemi i waho atu, tae atu ki ētahi Māori (i haere mai i tawhiti ētahi), tāngata whai, kaihokohoko, heremana, mihinare hoki. I hiahia te katoa kia mōhio he aha i roto i te tiriti me te rongo i te taupatupatu.
I neke ngā tāngata katoa ki roto i te tēneti. I whakamārama a Hobson i te āwangawanga te Kuini ki ngāi Māori me te Pākehā i Aotearoa i te korenga o te ture me te āta noho. I te pātai ia ki ngā rangatira mēnā i whakaae rātou kia tū a Hobson hei Kāwana o Aotearoa. Kātahi ka āhei a Hobson te whakahaere i ngā tāngata whai Pākehā. Ka kī a Busby ki ngā rangatira Māori e kore a Hobson e tango i ō rātou whenua. Engari, ka whakatūturu ia e haumaru ana te whenua Māori i ngā tāngata whai. I pānui atu a Mihinare Williams i te Tiriti i roto i te reo Māori.
Ngā kōrero i roto i te Tiriti
Ka kī te Tiriti:
· Kei ngāi Māori te rangatiratanga (te mana whakahaere katoa) o ō rātou whenua me ō rātou taonga (ngā mea katoa e hira ana ki a rātou) ina hiahiatia tonutia.
· Ki te hiahia a ngāi Māori ki te hoko whenua me hoko ki te Kāwana, māna e hoko atu ki ngā tāngata whai.
· Ka whakatūturutia e te Kuini he ture, he rongo hoki mā te katoa i te motu. Ka whakatūturu ia e whakahaumarutia ana te rangatiratanga me ngā rawa a ngāi Māori. (I Ingarangi a Kuini Wikitōria. Ko te Kāwana te māngai a te Kuini i Aotearoa.)
Ka kī te Tiriti e hiahiatia ana tēnei whakaaetanga nā te mea he tokomaha ngā tauiwi e noho ana i Aotearoa.
Te Rerekētanga i Waenga i te Putanga reo Māori me te putanga reo Pākehā
E rua ngā putanga o te Tiriti. He reo Māori tētahi, i tuhia tētahi ki te reo Pākehā.
I waitohua e William Hobson hei rīwhi mā Kuini Wikitōria, te Kuini o Ingarangi. I waitohu ia i ngā putanga reo Pākehā, reo Māori hoki. Kāhore ia i mōhio ki te reo Māori.
I waitohu a ngāi Māori i te putanga reo Māori.
I roto i te putanga reo Pākehā o te Tiriti o Waitangi, i tuku a ngāi Māori i te sovereignty ki te Kuini o Piritānia. Ko te tikanga o te sovereignty ko te tino whakahaere katoa o ngā mea katoa. Nā reira, i roto i te putanga reo Pākehā, i tuku a ngāi Māori ki te hunga o Piritānia te whakahaere katoa o te motu.
He tino tata te tikanga o te kupu Māori 'rangatiratanga' ki te 'sovereignty'.
Kāhore te putanga reo Māori o te Tiriti i kī ka tuku a ngāi Māori i te 'rangatiratanga' ki te hunga o Piritānia. Me maumahara i waitohu a ngāi Māori i te putanga reo Māori, kaua ko te putanga reo Pākehā.
Ka kī te putanga reo Māori o te Tiriti ka tuku a ngāi Māori i te 'kāwanatanga' ki te hunga o Piritānia. Ko te tikanga o tēnei kupu i te reo Pākehā ko te 'governance'. I waitohu te hunga Māori nā te mea i hiahia rātou kia tū te hunga o Piritānia hei kāwana, ko te tikanga ia he waihanga ture mō te whanonga. He maha ngā tāngata ināianei e whakapono ana kua kore a ngāi Māori e waitohu i te Tiriti mēnā i whakamahia kētia te kupu 'rangatiratanga' mō 'sovereignty'.
E oati ana te Tiriti ka pupuri tonu a ngāi Māori ki tō rātou rangatiratanga ki ō rātou whenua me ō rātou taonga katoa. I waitohu te hunga Māori nāna i waitohu nā te mea ka whakahaere tonu ngā iwi i ō rātou whenua me ngā mea katoa e hira ana ki a rātou.
Te Taupatupatu Nui
E rima hāora te roa o te taupatupatu i waenga i ngā rangatira. Ka whakamāori a Williams i ngā kupu a ngā rangatira ki a Hobson me Busby; kāhore rāua i mārama ki te reo Māori. I whakamāori hoki ia i ngā kupu a Hobson nā te mea kāhore te katoa o ngāi Māori i mārama ki te reo Pākehā.
I whakaaro ētahi rangatira he pai te Tiriti, ētahi atu kāhore i te pai. Ko ō rātou āwangawanga matua e pā ana ki te mana whakahaere (mana me te whakahaere), ō rātou whenua, me ngā mahi hokohoko.
Ko Te Kēmara nō Ngāpuhi te kaikōrero tuatahi. Ka kī ia, 'Kāo! Kāo! Kāo! E kore au e 'whakaae' ki tō noho. Mēnā he ōrite te katoa, tērā pea ka kī a Te Kēmara "āe". Engari, ko te Kāwana ki runga, ko Te Kēmara ki raro ... Kāo! Kāo! Kāo! E te Kāwana, kua ngaro taku whenua, kua ngaro, kua ngaro katoa.'
Ka kī a Te Ruki Kawiti, nō Ngāpuhi hoki, 'Kāo. Kāo. Hoki atu, he aha tō hiahia i konei? Kāhore mātou ngā tāngata Māori e hiahia ana kia noho koe. Kāhore mātou e hiahia ana kia hereherea, ā, kia takahia. E wātea ana mātou!'
Ka kōrero a Tāmati Wāka Nene nō Ngāpuhi mō te Tiriti. Ko tāna ki ērā atu rangatira, "Kua ngaro kē te whenua, kāhore rānei? E kapi ana, e kapi katoa ana i te tangata, i ngā tauhou, ngā manene - pērā i te karaehe me te otaota - kāhore i te noho i raro i ō tātou mana?' Ka kī a Nene kua tūreiti kia kī atu ki te Pākehā kia hoki atu. 'He tokomaha āna tamariki, ko ā tātou tamariki hoki. Kāhore āna taurekareka.' Ka kī ia ka hari mai te Pākehā i te hokohoko nui, ā, he pai ake mēnā he hoa ngāi Māori me te Pākehā.
Ngā Raruraru Reo
I tētahi wā, ka aruaru tētahi Pākehā, a Trader Jack, 'Mō taku hē, e Tā,' ka kī ia ki a Hobson, 'engari Mr Williams. Kāhore ia i te whakamāori i te haurua o ngā kōrero a ngāi Māori. Kāhore hoki ia i te whakamāori i te haurua o ō kōrero.' Ka kī tētahi atu Pākehā i mārama ki te reo Māori, a Johnson, e kaha kōrero ana ētahi Māori mō ngā mihinare e tango ana i ō rātou whenua, ā, kāhore i te whakamāoritia e Williams. E mariu ana ngā rangatira i kōrero i te mutunga o te rā kia waitohu i te Tiriti. Ka whakawhere rātou i te nuinga o ngā rangatira kia waitohu.
Te 6 o Pēpuere 1840
I te aonga ake, te 6 o Pēpuere, ka whakaemi anō ngā rangatira, i tēnei wā kia waitohu i te Tiriti o Waitangi. Ko Hōne Heke te tuatahi ki te waitohu. I taua rā i Waitangi, ko tōna 40 rangatira i waitohu i te Tiriti. Kātahi ka haria haeretia te Tiriti puta noa i te motu e ngā āpiha Piritānia me ngā mihinare kia kohikohi i ētahi atu waitohu. I tuhi te nuinga o ngā rangatira i waitohu i ō rātou moko hei waitohu.
Ngā Wāhine i Waitohu i te Tiriti
Tekau mā toru ngā wāhine Māori kua tautuhia i tēnei wā nāna te Tiriti i waitohu.
I Piritānia i taua wā, kāhore ngā wāhine i te pōti, i whai wāhi atu rānei ki ngā take nui. Heoi anō, tokotoru ngā wāhine i waitohu i Waitangi i te 6 o Pēpuere.
He maha ngā wāhine Māori tino hira. He rangatira, he ariki rānei. I mōhiotia tēnei e Henry Williams. Ko ia tētahi o ngā tāngata nāna te tiriti i hari haere puta noa i te motu. Ka kohikohi ia i ngā waitohu o ngā wāhine ki Kāpiti, Te Whanganui-a-Tara me Whanganui.
I whakahē tētahi atu tangata e kohikohi ana i ngā waitohu puta noa i te motu kia whakaaetia te wahine a Te Pēhi, tētahi rangatira rongonui o Ngāti Toa, kia waitohu. Ki taua kaikohi waitohu ehara i te hira ngā wāhine kia whakaaetia kia waitohu i te Tiriti. I te riri te tamāhine a Te Pēhi, ā, ka kore tana tāne e waitohu, kāhore e kore nā te muheni i tana wahine. He tino ngāwari te puta mai o te pōhēhētanga i waenga i ngā ahurea rerekē e rua.
Te Haerenga Roa: Te Kohikohi i ngā Waitohu Puta noa i te Motu
He tokoiti ngā rangatira i waitohu ki Waitangi i te 6 o Pēpuere, engari i waitohu ētahi atu i te wā i haria haeretia te Tiriti puta noa i te Tokerau.
Ko te tohe matua a te hunga o Piritānia kia whiwhi ki ngā waitohu mā te Tiriti a ngāi Māori e whakahaumaru i te rironga o ō rātou whenua i te Pākehā.
Kāhore te Katoa o Ngā Rangatira i Waitohu i te Tiriti
I waitohu ētahi rangatira i Waikato i te Tiriti, engari i whakahē a Te Wherowhero ahakoa i tonoa auautia ia. He tangata hira ia, ā, i mōhio te hunga o Piritānia ki te waitohu ia, ka waitohu ētahi atu hoki.
Ka whakaaweawe ngā mihinare i ētahi Māori kia waitohu i te Tiriti nā te mea he maha ngā Māori i huri hei Karaitiana, ā, i whakapono e tika ana ngā kōrero a ngā mihinare. He iti iho ngā Māori i waitohu i ngā rohe kāhore anō kia tae mai ngā mihinare, he tokoiti rawa rānei rātou. I pērā mō ngā iwi o Te Arawa me Ngāti Tūwharetoa i te puku o te Ika-a-Māui. Kāhore i whakamātauhia kia kohikohi waitohu i te tonga o Taranaki, i hera haere te kaipuke, te Alligator, i te takutai e pupuhi ana i ngā pūrepo i te tau 1834 ki ngā kāinga o te takutai. Ka hipa te whā marama e kohikohi ana i ngā waitohu e 500. Ka whakapuaki a Hobson i te rangatiratanga o te kuīni ki runga o Aotearoa i te 21 o Mei 1840. Ka mahi pērā ia i mua i te akoako ki te Kāwanatanga o Piritānia. Kātahi ka kī a Hobson ki te Kāwanatanga o Piritānia i whakaae ngā rangatira katoa i Te Ika-a-Māui ki te Tiriti. Kāhore i te tika. Ka kī a Hobson ka taea Te Wai Pounamu te whakauru nā te mea i 'tūhuratia' Te Wai Pounamu e te hunga o Piritānia. Kāhore hoki tēnei i te tika. Ka tuku a Hobson i ngā tārua reo Māori, Ingarihi hoki o te Tiriti ki Ingarangi. I tuhia ki raro iho o te putanga reo Pākehā he whakamāori ā-kupu tērā o te putanga reo Māori. Kāhore i te tika. He maha ngā rangatira kāhore i waitohu i te Tiriti, me ētahi i waitohu anō, i mautohe tonu i te taenga mai o ngā tāngata whai Pākehā mō ngā tau huhua. He maha ngā tāngata whai kāhore hoki i tautoko i te Tiriti.
